India

Bamboozling. There’s simply no other word that convincingly captures the enigma that is India. With its in-your-face diversity, from snow-dusted mountains to sun-washed beaches, tranquil temples to feisty festivals, lantern-lit villages to software-supremo cities, it’s hardly surprising that this country has been dubbed the world’s most multidimensional. India promises to jostle your entire being.

Tourist Information for India

The appeal of a journey to India is the diversity seen in every corner of the country. From the deserts of Rajasthan, the cool hill stations in the Himalayan foothills, the palm-fringed beaches of Kerala, the simple rural villages and sophisticated modern cities all combine to make India a country of tremendous diversity.

This is not just restricted to the land, but is also evident in the people, their culture, religions, language and lifestyle. India has a remarkable 5000 year-old history making it one of the oldest civilizations in the world.

Mighty empires, periods of conquest and religious influences have contributed to the cultural mix that is India today. Wherever you roam in this sizeable land, the fusion of her past is evident all around.

Top Highlights

Delhi

Delhi – with its tenacious touts and crush of mechanical and human traffic – can be downright confronting and confounding for the first-time visitor. But don’t let petulant first impressions muddy the plus points of this truly multidimensional metropolis. Scratch beyond the gritty surface and you’ll swiftly discover that India’s capital is sprinkled with glittering gems: captivating ancient monuments, magnificent museums, a vivacious performing-arts scene and some of the subcontinent’s yummiest places to eat.

A vibrant melting pot, you’ll hear a jumble of vernaculars spoken in Delhi, the most common being Hindi, English, Punjabi and Urdu. In terms of its layout, Delhi encapsulates two very different worlds, the ‘old’ and the ‘new’, each presenting deliciously different experiences. Spacious New Delhi was built as the imperial capital of India by the British; rambunctious Old Delhi served as the capital of Islamic India. Visitors can easily dip into both, spending half the day immersing themselves in history at the dramatic Red Fort, Jama Masjid and medieval-flavoured bazaars of Old Delhi, and the other half reviving themselves over frothy cappuccinos or frosty cocktails at one of New Delhi’s swanky cafés and bars.

Mumbai

Measure out: one part Hollywood; six parts traffic; a bunch of rich power-moguls; stir in half a dozen colonial relics (use big ones); pour in six heaped cups of poverty; add a smattering of swish bars and restaurants (don’t skimp on quality here for best results); equal parts of mayhem and order; as many ancient bazaars as you have lying around; a handful of Hinduism; a dash of Islam; fold in your mixture with equal parts; throw it all in a blender on high (adding generous helpings of pollution to taste) and presto: Mumbai.

Kerala

Kerala is where India slips down into second gear, stops to smell the roses and always talks to strangers. A strip of land between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats, its perfect climate flirts unabashedly with the fertile soil, and everything glows. An easy-going and successful socialist state, Kerala has a liberal hospitality that stands out as its most laudable achievement.

Resting on low hills in Southern Kerala is the capital Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), used as a gateway to nearby resorts by many but boasting some of its very own attractions and dreadlocked faithfuls. North of the capital is Varkala with its stunning cliffs. The emerald jewel in South India’s crown are the backwaters that meander throughout Kerala. Here, spindly networks of rivers, canals and lagoons nourish a seemingly infinite number of rice paddies and coconut groves, while sleek houseboats cruise the water highways from one village to another. Along the coast, slices of perfect, sandy beach beckon the sun-worshipping crowd, and far inland the mountainous Ghats are covered in vast plantations of spices and tea. Exotic wildlife also thrives in the hills.

This flourishing land isn’t good at keeping its secret: adventurers and traders have been in on it for years. The serene Fort Cochin pays homage to its colonial past, each building whispering a tale of Chinese visitors, Portuguese traders, Jewish settlers, Syrian Christians and Muslim merchants. Yet even with its colonial distractions, Kerala manages to cling to its vibrant traditions: Kathakali – a blend of religious play and dance; kalarippayat – a gravity-defying martial art; and theyyam – a trance-induced ritual.

Varanasi

Few places in India are as colourful, charismatic or spiritual as the bathing ghats lining the Ganges in Varanasi. The city of Shiva is one of the holiest places in India, where Hindu pilgrims come to wash away a lifetime of sins in the Ganges or to cremate their loved ones. Varanasi has always been an auspicious place to die, since expiring here offers moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth and death). The city is the beating heart of the Hindu universe, and the Ganges is viewed as a … river of salvation. The accessibility to the practices of an ancient but still living religious tradition is what captivates many visitors, and a walk along the ghats or a boat ride on the river is one of India’s most absorbing experiences.

Rajasthan

From the cackle of its colour-charged cities to the luminous splendour of its sun-kissed desert, Rajasthan is romantic India wrapped in gaudy royal robes. Here the fearsome Rajput warrior clans ruled with gilt-edged swords, plundered wealth and blood-thick chivalrous codes.

A vast and wonder-laced state with treasures more sublime than those of fable, the Land of the Kings paints a bold image. Compiling a must-see list in Rajasthan can cripple the fussy traveller: Meherangarh looming over bright blue Jodhpur, the giant gold sandcastle at Jaisalmer, the palaces and pageantry of Udaipur, Pushkar’s reverent yet carnival charm, the storybook whimsy of Bundi and the havelis (traditional, ornately decorated residences) sprinkled through Shekhawati. Like a microcosm of Mother India, there’s also abundant wildlife and warm people, glitz and camels, soulful music, glittering saris, tottering turbans and a surprisingly rich cuisine.

The state is diagonally divided into the hilly southeastern region and the barren northwestern Great Thar Desert, which extends across the border into Pakistan – now accessible via train. The highest point is reached at the pleasant hill station of Mt Abu.

Agra

The Taj Mahal - described as the most extravagant monument ever built for love was constructed by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his second wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Purely decorative white minarets grace each corner of the platform. Closed Friday. Also worth visiting is the red sand stone Agra Fort on the bank of the Yamuna River. Fatehpur Sikri, 40km west of the city, is a magnificent fortified ghost city. Due to the durable red sandstone, the city remains a perfectly preserved example of a Mughal city at the height of the empire’s splendour.

Jaipur:

The capital of Rajasthan, this vibrant town is known as ‘the Pink City’ because of the pink-coloured buildings in its old city. Jaipur is situated on a dry lake bed in an arid landscape, surrounded by barren hills and forts.

The walled Old City in the north-east of Jaipur is where you will find most of the tourist attractions - the Johari Bazaar (the jewellers’ market); the Hawa Mahal (Palace of the Winds); Jantar Mantar (observatory).

Eleven kms to the north of Jaipur is Amber, the ancient capital of Jaipur state where on a hillside overlooking a lake, a fort-palace was built.

Udaipur:

A romantic city, known as the ‘Venice of the East’, Udaipur is full of palaces, temples and havelis (houses of rich merchants) ranging from the modest to the extravagant. The largest palace complex in Rajasthan is the City Palace, which towers over the lake, is a mix of balconies, towers and cupolas and is now a Museum.

Wildlife

Bharatpur is renowned for its UNESCO World Heritage-listed bird sanctuary, the Keoladeo Ghana National Park. The best time to visit is between October and late February, when many migratory birds can be seen, including the highly endangered Siberian crane.

Ranthambore National Park is where you are most likely to spot a tiger on safari. Best time to visit is between October and April and safaris take place early morning and late afternoon. Corbett Tiger Reserve, established in 1936 as India’s first national park, Corbett is famous for its wide variety of wildlife and its beautiful location in the foothills of the Himalaya by the Ramganga River. The best time to visit is between April to mid June. Wildlife at the park includes tigers, elephants, langur monkeys, rhesus macaques, peacocks, deer, sambar, hog deer and barking deer. It is also a bird watcher’s paradise; best time to view is mid-December to the end of March. South India’s Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary has an artificial lake and is home to bison, antelopes, sambar, wild board, langur, elephants, tigers and forests.

Palace on Wheels

Train journeys operate weekly and depart from Delhi every Wednesday, between September and April. The trip takes in Jaipur, Chittogarh, Udaipur, Sawai, Madhopur, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Bharatpur and Agra. A mobile hotel, featuring two dining cars with bar service. Each coach, attended by a costumed captain and attendant contains four air-conditioned coupes (double or twin share) with bathrooms.

Pushkar & Camel Fair

Situated on the edge of the desert, Pushkar is only 11km from Ajmer. Best known for its Camel Fair which takes place in November - a massive congregation of camels, cattle, livestock traders, pilgrims and tourists. Around 200,000 people converge on this small town, bringing some 50,000 camels and cattle for several days of pilgrimage, livestock trading and festivities.

More highlights

Darjeeling, the hill station sprawls over a ridge at 2134m and is surrounded by tea plantations. Darjeeling is host to Buddhist monasteries (like the well-known Ghoom Gompa), tea plantations, colourful markets and handicraft shops. Tea is Darjeeling’s most famous export and the tea plantation Margaret’s Hope produces tea for Buckingham Palace.

Khajuraho is known for its temples with liberally embellished decorations of gods and goddess, warriors, animals and erotic posturing.

Mumbai (Bombay) is an island, connected by bridges to the mainland. It is India’s financial centre and is the heart of the Hindi film industry. India’s giant film studios are located in Mumbai, Chennai and Hyderabad. The Gateway of India (an arch) is a popular emblem of the city and nearby is where boats depart for Elephanta Island (known for its rock-cut temples).

Ellora Caves, these World Heritage Listed cave temples are about 30 km from Aurangabad. Over five centuries, generations of monks carved monasteries, chapels and temples from a 2km-long escarpment and decorated them with detailed sculptures. There are 34 rock-cut caves, and the masterpiece is the Kailasa Temple, dedicated to Shiva.

The Buddhist caves of Ajanta, 105 km northeast of Aurangabad, date from around 200 BC to AD 650. The 30 caves are cut into the steep face of a horseshoe-shaped rock gorge on the Waghore River.

Goa with its miles of golden sand beaches has its very own unique character and its landscape is made up of white-washed churches, a maze of narrow-winding streets, paddy fields, coconut-palm groves and crumbling forts.

The Kerala Backwaters are a vast network of lagoons, lakes, rivers and canals that wind far inland from the coast. Travelling the backwaters is a highlight of any visit to Kerala, as you cross shallow, palm-fringed lakes and cruise past small settlements.

Kochi (Cochin) is where you find India’s oldest church, winding streets with mosques and 500-year old Portuguese houses, a 16th century Synagogue and a palace built by the Portuguese.

AVERAGE MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (°C) – based on Delhi

JAN
21
FEB
24
MAR
29
APR
36
MAY
39
JUN
39
JUL
35
AUG
34
SEP
34
OCT
33
NOV
28
DEC
23
Country Dialling Code:
+ 91
When to Go:
The cooler winter months from November to March are the best time to visit India and the Himalaya area April to September.
Capital:
Delhi
Official Language:
16 official languages, but English is common to all parts of India.
Electricity:
230-240V AC, 50 cycles. Three round-pin variety (similar but not identical to European sockets).
Currency:
Rupee (Rs) divided into 100 paise.
Tipping & Bargaining:
Tip 10% in hotels/restaurants if a service charge has not been included. Guides and Drivers Rs50 - Rs70 per half day per person. Bargaining in markets/bazaars is expected. Fixed price stores in major cities.
ATM's:
Most major towns have ATMs but do not rely on them. Some ATMs in smaller towns do not accept foreign cards.
Credit Cards:
Accepted in major tourist centres, but a lot of budget hotels and restaurants don’t accept them. Mastercard and Visa most widely accepted.
Internet:
Throughout India, but speed varies from place to place.
Religious Etiquette:
When visiting a sacred site, always dress and behave respectfully - don’t wear shorts or sleeveless tops (men and women) and don’t smoke. Remove shoes, and take a head scarf.
Air:
Many airlines operate under the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) umbrella.
Geography:
India covers 3,287,263 sq kms and the subcontinent lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states. Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are bordered by palm fringed beaches.
Air:
The national airline, Indian Airlines flys the domestic routes and to neighbouring countries. The international carrier, Air India flys some domestic routes. Other domestic airlines include Jet Airways, SpiceJet, Air Deccan and Kingfisher Airlines.
Train:
A Mail or Rajdhani Express Trains are faster, while passenger trains are slower and normally only 2nd class. The Shatabdi Express is one of India’s top rail services and has two classes - AC executive chair and AC chair. Private Car tours with driver and/or guide - can be organised by Adventure World.
Travelling by car or coach:
Road conditions vary throughout the country and journeys between cities/towns are long, which makes for long travel days. Frequent stops are made en route.
Food & Drink:
Rice is the basic Indian staple and found throughout the country, as well as chapati/roti (breads). Dosas, are paper-thin pancakes made from lentil and rice flour and are a great snack - curried vegetables wrapped inside dosa are called masala dosa. Curries can be vegetable, meat (chicken/lamb) or fish, cooked with spices, eg: dhal, vindaloos. Tandoori, food is oven-cooked after first being marinated in a mixture of herbs and yoghurt. Biryani, meat is mixed with flavoured orange-coloured rice. Chai tea, is very sweet and milky, but is cheap. Lassi (yoghurt drink) and mango are also popular, either plain or sweetened.
Travelling by car or coach:
Road conditions vary throughout the country and journeys between cities/towns are long, which makes for long travel days. Frequent stops are made en route.
Best Time to Travel:
India has vast climate changes from north to south. The more comfortable time to visit most of India is during the cooler months from October to March. The summer months between April and June are hot, with temperatures in central India reaching 45°C. This is the time to visit the hill stations such as Shimla, Darjeeling and Ooty for a cool retreat. The monsoon commences in the south from June and moves northwards, finishing around September, when more humid weather is experienced.